Well, nothing like a blog for dredging up memories and thoughts. This started as a questioning thought: what is the actual scientific meaning of the prefix corbo- as used in "Corbomite" from Star Trek (Original Series episode "The Corbomite Maneuver")? Wouldn't that make a good trivia question? Feel free.
Sounds like a variant of carbo- doesn't it. Carbohydrate, carborundum. Not so; it appears to be completely made up.
Here is a complete list of words in my Webster's Unabridged starting with corb-, categorized:
Rooted in Latin
corbis (basket):
corb, a basket used in coal mines
corbeil, a basket (of dirt or flowers) on a wall
Corbicula, a genus of mollusks
corbiculum, pollen basket of a bee
From Hebrew
korban (offering) from
karab (to offer):
corban, an offering to God
corbana, a church treasury
From Latin
corvus (raven; shape of its beak):
corbe, curved
corbel, (to form or add a) curved architectural bracket
corbel(l)ing, making of or series of corbels
corbel step, a corbiestep
corbel table, any piece of architecture using corbels
corbet, a corbel
corbie/corby, Scottish for crow, raven
corbie crow, the carrion crow
corbie gable, a gable with corbiesteps
corbiestep, a step forming part of a roof
As for the -ite suffix, possibly relevant entries:
(f) salt or ester of an acid whose name ends in -ous (corbomous acid?)
(g) mineral or rock (discovered by a person named Corbom?)
Oh well, I guess Balok was not familiar with the Federation linguistic banks. So how did he speak English so well? :-)
This appears to be the closest real-world inspiration for the term:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonite_%28explosive%29